Brain Organoids
(Page 34) The “brain in a vat” theory is a philosophical thought experiment, proposing a disembodied human brain connected to a computer that simulates all the electrical impulses that the human brain would have naturally. Would this brain be able to tell it was not in a real body? The idea provokes speculation on what consciousness is and the requirements for it, and has been explored in an array of popular media. The Matrix (1999) famously takes this as its premise: a dystopian society that is actually a simulation controlled by superintelligent AI. All inhabitants are hooked up to the Matrix, which feeds their brains a false reality. While such technology hasn’t been developed yet–unless we really are unknowingly in a simulation–the idea of disembodied brains isn’t relegated to science fiction. Since the development of human brain organoids in 2013, scientists have quite literally been growing brain cells in the lab.